A warm welcome to today's guest blogger: Haleigh Morgan!
I encourage all who are facing the difficult task of teaching children "right from wrong" well also showering them with the grace of God to read the article below.
-- Emily
I was recently asked by an online friend to chime in on the
question of Law and Gospel within the context of the home. That is, how might
we parents approach the task of parenting, knowing when we are to give our
children Law and when we are to give them Gospel?
Let me state upfront that I
consider myself supremely unqualified to instruct others on just about
anything, most especially on the monumental calling of being a parent. I can
only speak from my own experience and what I know to be true from scripture and
from our Confessions. As a sister in Christ, I can offer mutual conversation
and consolation of the gospel. Beyond that, the reader may be cautioned to have
loads of salt ready to go (with which to take anything written below.) ;)
In the question of law and gospel and how to parent in these
terms are suggested a few additional ideas. First, we constantly run the risk
of erring too much on the side of one or the other. If we are too focused on
law, we become despotic legalists or “pietists,” thinking that if our Milly or
Norbert could be taught to behave just so and say and do all the right things,
then all will be right. The other side of this coin is antinomianism. When we
err on the side of little or even no law, we run the risk of raising hedonistic,
selfish tyrants whom not even we like being around. No loving parent knowingly
and deliberately takes either of these two paths. Thus our conundrum. How do
we, parents who are presumably very concerned that we fulfill our duties to
God, to our children, to society, go about knowing which is called for in any
given situation? If we choose wrongly at some time, will we forever muck things
up, potentially scarring our child for life? These are questions that lurk in
the back of our minds, keep us up at night, and make us second guess ourselves.
Before we go any further, let me say, “Peace. God chose to entrust these
children to you for a reason. He has equipped you to raise them, though you
will most certainly not do so perfectly. Your own Father, who never fails, is
working to love your children through you. He is their Father, too.”
Ok. Now back to our regularly scheduled program.
I would like to begin any discussion of parenting within the
context of Christian vocation. We are told in the
Small Catechism that we are
to examine ourselves in light of the Ten Commandments and of other scripture
that outlines the duties attendant to the various estates established by God.
These are comprehended in the 2
nd table. These commandments
establish how God would have us to fear and love Him in how we interact with
our neighbors. (Luther’s explanation of each commandment after the 1
st
begins, “We are to fear and love God that we may…”) We are also told that
love
is the fulfillment of the Law. Thus, these commandments also outline how we
love our neighbors and how God loves them through us.
The fourth commandment, in particular, relates to all
rightful worldly authority, beginning with parents and radiating out from there
to the civil realm and the Church. In the Large Catechism, we are taught that
God holds all authority. He entrusts portions of that authority to the various
estates so that people called to administer them may carry out their duties
legitimately. The Church has the Office of the Keys – authority to bind or
loose sins. Magistrates have authority to make civil laws and compel citizens
to obey. But, “all (earthly) authority flows and is born from the authority of
parents” (LC, 4). Civil fathers, “masters” (employers), and even spiritual
fathers derive their authority and honor from the office given to parents.
What does all this talk of the 4th commandment,
which speaks most directly to children of their duty toward their parents, have
to do with a parent’s duty to his/her children? No vocation exists in a vacuum.
Each is a diad. Governments are not governments without the governed. Citizens
are not citizens in the absence of a country. A husband is not a husband
without a wife; nor is a wife a wife without a husband. A pastor has hearers,
and hearers have a pastor. So it is with children. All children, by nature, are
born of a father and mother. There is no child ever anywhere (except Jesus) who
didn’t have both an earthly mother and father. And, every mother and every
father is a parent by virtue of the fact that they have received a child. So,
when the 4th commandment addresses children and their duties, it
also suggests something to parents. The command to honor our father and our
mother enjoins all people to respect those placed over us in authority even as
it enjoins those exercising authority to do so for the benefit and betterment
of those placed underneath them.
So, what are the duties that a parent owes to her children?
When is it time to lay down the law and when is it time to give them grace? Parents
are first and foremost commanded to bring children up in the fear and
admonition of the Lord. That is, we are aware that any authority we have as
parents is not really ours but is God’s authority, and our very first
responsibility as parents is to bring them to God. It is not only our rules in
our home that we must train them to obey. “He does not assign this honor to
[us], that is power and authority to govern, so [we] can have [ourselves]
worshipped.” We are to provide physically for our children, but most
importantly we are to “train them to honor and praise God.” This is not
something that we may do or might do but must do. It is “not left to [our]
pleasure and arbitrary will” but is “God’s strict command and order, to whom
[we] must give account for it” (LC, 4). We also know that none of us can even
begin to keep this 1st command (to have no other God, to fear, love,
and trust in Him above all things) without first being regenerated and reborn
of God. How does such rebirth happen for us, for our children, or for anyone?
We are saved by grace through faith. How does faith come? Faith comes by
hearing and hearing through the Word of Christ. Where and how do we receive
this Word of Christ? We receive it through the proclaimed Word and through the
Word combined with water and bread and wine. We must make sure that our
children receive this, too. If we do nothing else as parents, this we must do.
Bring them to the font. Bring them to the Word.
Give them Jesus.
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Give them Jesus! |
We must also train them to honor and respect us as God’s
representatives to them. Since children are commanded to “honor their father
and mother” we are simply not at liberty to allow them to do otherwise. God has
not given us the authority to set aside this commandment any more than He has
given us the authority to set aside the 1st, 5th or 6th
or any of the others. Our will and word are entirely subordinate to God’s. “For
if God’s Word and will are in force and being accomplished, nothing shall be
valued higher than the will and word of parents, as long as that, too, is
subordinated to obedience toward God and is not opposed to the preceding
commandments” (LC, 4). So far the hierarchy is established as: 1.) God, 2.)
Parents.
Third, we must train them also to function in civil society.
That is, we must equip them to be useful, to be able to provide for their own
children someday, and to have the skills and manners that contribute to a
peaceful and orderly community. To accomplish this duty, we typically have to
establish rules and routines for the household – expectations for work/chores,
etiquette, lessons, study, practice, etc. – and both model and enforce these
expectations. The family is a microcosm of the world. Children learn how to be
a part of the greater community by first learning how to live in the community
of the family.
So far this sounds very law heavy. Parents must DO. Children
must DO. But, where is the grace? I am asking this question as loudly as you
surely are. Here, I try to remember that every vocation is at its heart a
picture of how God relates to us. Yet, it is more than just an illustration. It
is real and material. God works among us through the estates (the vocations) He
has established.
God’s work in the world is not simply an intangible,
subjective, spiritual thing. It is very material. Remember,
God is a God of
means. He uses material means to accomplish His work among us so that we have
objective assurance and can receive His work substantially, really, and truly –
both physically and spiritually – because we are not purely spiritual
creatures. We are material creatures with a rational soul. So, He works among
us in a material way. God is hidden in vocation just as surely as He is hidden
in the Means of Grace. This is not to say that parenthood, marriage, and citizenship
are Sacraments in the strict sense. But we may safely say that they are
“sacramental” and mysterious. Paul tells us that marriage is a mystery and that
in speaking of marriage he is really speaking of Christ and the Church. Christ
is hidden in marriage (Eph. 5).
God the Father is hidden in the vocation of
parenting. He provides for His children and brings them to Himself through
parents. Parents bring children to the font and the rail and the assembly; they
feed, and clothe them, and they train them up in the way that they should go.
The earthly father doesn’t just symbolize something about God. But, in
actuality, God is the real father. Christ is the real husband. The Church is
the real wife and mother.
Our earthly vocations are dim images of the real
thing going on with God (paraphrased from
Gene Veith, Interview on Issues Etc.4/16/12 #1and
#2).
God doesn’t only provide 1st article gifts
through us parents. He also has enabled us to participate in the giving of
forgiveness and absolution (2nd and 3rd article gifts) –
grace at its sweetest. It goes without saying that we participate in this not
as primary actors. Faith, forgiveness of sins, these do not originate from us
nor take their efficacy from us. But, God can and does use parents as agents of
grace.
How does this grace look in the family? First, we must try
to remember that if our child is already heartbroken and repentant over
something, it does him no additional good to be given law. We don’t need to
stand over him and remind him of the rule he has broken or the disappointment
he has caused. He is already contrite. The Law has done its work. However, if
he is being head-strong and recalcitrant, then law is what he gets – first
God’s, then ours.
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Is this the face of contrition? |
Second, we must try to distinguish between matters of
immaturity and matters of genuine disobedience. Sometimes this can be pretty
tricky. How do we know whether our child is willfully disobeying a command he
could obey or if he is simply not understanding or is not yet mature enough to
obey in that particular command? If we are certain that the child knows what is
expected and has demonstrated that he can obey what he has been given to do, then
willfully failing to do so is a matter of obedience. If he does not understand,
does not have the skill or maturity to obey, then it would be cruel to respond
with more law. Mercy is called for.
Third, we also try to be very honest with
ourselves about whether we have done our job of teaching and leading prior to
resorting to punishment. Discipline sometimes requires punishment, but
punishment is not always discipline. If punishment does not teach, it is not
discipline. It is just revenge. It is easy to forget that something that may be
terribly obvious to us and a matter of common sense may not be to a new, little
person. Children are our disciples in that we lead and teach them what they
need to know as they grow up. We must first give them the gift of loving
instruction and nurture. This is discipline. If the child obstinately refuses
the instruction, then it may be time to use punishment to redirect their heart
and their actions back to the better course.
But, most importantly, we practice absolution. Parents and
children alike must know that even when we royally muck things up, confession
and contrition always receive forgiveness, no matter what. And the matter is
done. Even if we know for a fact that tomorrow we will likely go through the
whole thing again. We know that we can speak the comfort of the gospel to our
brothers and sisters in Christ. This is the mutual consolation that Luther
talks about. Our children are our smallest brothers and sisters in Christ. They
need to receive our forgiveness freely, and they need us to remind them of the
forgiveness that is theirs in Christ.
Ultimately, when in doubt, we must try to remember Paul’s instruction.
“We who are strong have an obligation to bear with the failings of the
weak, and not to please ourselves. Let each of us please his neighbor for
his good, to build him up. For Christ did not please himself, but as
it is written, ‘The reproaches of those who reproached you fell on me.’” (Romans
15:1-3, ESV) Diligently teach; graciously give. Bear with our children’s
weakness and build them up. Let all that you do be done in love. (1 Cor.
16:14)
For further reading, if you are interested, Rolf Preus has
written a fabulous post featured on Steadfast Lutherans titled
“Steadfast Dads — Discipline”.
Father, use our hands to bless your children, our children. Amen.
.